Virtualization is one of the most discussed topic in the field of Linux and IT in general. In the list of 10 HOT IT Skills in demand Virtualization (Vmware) stands at the top of the list.
We will be taking you to a quick note of what virtualization is, several virtualization tools before a complete guide on downloading, installing and configuring Virtualbox and PhpVirtualBox which is a web based virtual box front end.
The download, installation and configuration of Virtualbox and PhpVirtualBox will follow for Debian and CentOS based Distributions.
What is Virtualization
Virtualization is the process of creating non-real (virtual) version of operating system, storage, network resource and hardware. Virtualization is achieved by creating virtual machines which powers an Operating System. A host physical server can host one or more virtual machine, which may power different OS (Windows, Linux, UNIX, BSD).
There are several virtualization tools available. A few of them are platform specific and rest of them are available to be use on any platform.
- Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2 – available for x86 and x86_64 bit platform. Support: Windows only.
- Q – open source virtualization tool available for windows, mac and Linux.
- Vmware – Available for Windows and Linux.
- VirtualBox – Open source application available for Windows, Mac, Linux and Solaris.
- Xen – Supports Windows as well as Linux distros.
What is VirtualBox
VirtualBox initially was released under proprietary License but later (2007) Oracle Corporation started releasing it under GNU General Public License. Written completely in C, C++ and Assembly Language it is available for Windows, OS X, Linux and Solaris.
VirtualBox is claimed to be the only professional virtualization solution that is freely available and is open source. It is able to support 64 bit guest OS as well as creating Snapshot of the virtual OS.
VirtualBox lets you run virtualised application along with real desktop Application. Moreover it can be configured to share host clipboards and folders. Special drivers are available for smooth switching between systems. It is available for X86 as well as X86_64 bit platform. High on feature and performance and low on resource is a big plus point of VirtualBox.
This article will walk through the installation and configuration of VirtualBox and PhpVirtualBox to manage virtual machines under RHEL/CentOS/Fedora and Debian/Ubuntu system.
Installation of VirtualBox and PhpVirtualBox in Linux
For this article, we will be using Minimal Installation of Debian and CentOS as platform of installation. All the Installation, configuration and examples are tested on Debian 8.0 and CentOS 7.1 Minimal.
1. Before installing VirtualBox and PhpVirtualBox, you need to updated system package database and install prerequisites such as Apache, PHP and other needed dependencies as shown below.
On Debian based Distributions
# apt-get update && apt-get upgrade && apt-get autoremove # apt-get install apache2 # apt-get install php5 php5-common php-soap php5-gd # apt-get install build-essential dkms unzip wget
After installing all above required packages, you can proceed further to add one of the following VirtualBox PPA lines to /etc/apt/sources.list file, according to your Linux distribution.
deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian raring contrib deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian quantal contrib deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian precise contrib deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian lucid contrib non-free deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian wheezy contrib deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian jessie contrib deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian squeeze contrib non-free
Next download and add Oracle public key using following commands.
# wget www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc # apt-key add oracle_vbox.asc
On RedHat based Distributions
# yum update && yum autoremove # yum install httpd # yum install php php-devel php-common php-soap php-gd # yum groupinstall 'Development Tools' SDL kernel-devel kernel-headers dkms wget
After installing all above required packages, download Oracle public key and import into your system.
# wget www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc # rpm –import oracle_vbox.asc
2. Next, restart the Apache service with the help of following commands, as per your Linux distribution.
# /etc/init.d/apache2 restart [On Older Debian based systems] # /etc/init.d/httpd restart [On Older RedHat based systems] OR # systemctl restart apache2.service [On Newer Debian based systems] # systemctl restart httpd.service [On Newer RedHat based systems]
Point your browser to your Private IP Address or your loopback address, you should see your apache default testing page.
http://ip-address OR http://localhost
3. Now it’s time to install VirtualBox.
# apt-get install virtualbox-4.3 [On Debian based systems] # yum install virtualbox-4.3 [On RedHat based systems]
4. Next download and install PhpVirtualBox.
# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpvirtualbox/files/phpvirtualbox-4.3-1.zip # unzip phpvirtualbox-4.3-1.zip
5. Next, move the extracted ‘phpvirtualbox-4.3-1‘ folder to the default root folder of the http web server (/var/www/ or /var/www/html).
# mv phpvirtualbox-4.3-1 /var/www/html
6. Rename the directory ‘phpvirtualbox-4.3-1‘ to phpvb or anything, so that it is easy to point to them. Next there is a configuration file config.php-example under ‘phpvb‘ directory, rename it to config.php as shown below.
# mv /var/www/html/phpvb/config.php-example /var/www/html/phpvb/config.php
7. Create a new user account (or add an existing user) and add it to vboxusers group and change phpvb directory ownership to avi user.
# useradd avi # passwd avi # usermod -aG vboxusers avi # chown -R avi:avi /var/www/html/phpvb
8. Now open ‘config.php‘ file and add newly created user and password.
# vi / var/www/html/phpvb/config.php
/* Username / Password for system user that runs VirtualBox */ var $username = 'avi'; var $password = 'avi123';
9. Now Download and install virtualbox extension.
# wget http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/4.3.12/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.3.12-93733.vbox-extpack # VboxManage extpack install Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.3.12-93733.vbox-extpack
10. Now start Virtualbox-websrv as the user ‘avi‘ defined in config file.
$ vboxwebsrv -H 127.0.0.1
11. Now point your browser to ip_where_phpvirtualbox_is_installed/phpvb or 127.0.0.1/phpvb, if it was installed on the native server.
The default username is admin The default pasword is admin
If you get error similar to the below image. You might have to start certain services.
# /etc/init.d/virtualbox start # /etc/init.d/vboxdrv start # /etc/init.d/vboxweb-service start
Now again try login and you will see the below interface.
You may install any OS in Virtual box. Click on New, give name and select architecture and version.
Give the amount of RAM virtual OS may use.
Add new virtual hard drive to new virtual machine.
Select type of Hard Drive.
Select type of storage disk allocation.
Choose size of Hard Drive and click create.
You may see your Virtual disk is created and ready to host virtual OS.
Click on storage and add virtual Image (iso), or select your machine physical CD Drive. Finally click start to start installing.
Click on Network and select correct network Adapter.
Click on console on the top right corner select desktop size and connect. If the console option is not highlighted you may have to enable it under Settings → Display → Remote Display → Enable Server and Click OK.
You may see the virtual OS in action.
You may Detach it by clicking ‘detach‘.
The booting and Rest of the Installation process is pretty simple as if you are installing on Local Machine.
Once installation is Finished, your virtual OS is ready to host anything virtually. Be it OS, Network, Device or anything else.
Enjoy your local Virtual Server and Front-end PHPVirtualBox to access it. You may implement it in the production after a little more configuration.
That’s all from my side for now. Let me know if you liked the application or not also I will here to help you if you face any problem. Keep connected to tecmint. Bye!
Installation in windows with simple easy steps:
1) Download phpVirtualBox from internet
2) Extract it
3) Download XAMPP and Install it
4) copy the Extracted phpvirtulabox folder into xampp/htdocs folder (for example d:\xampp\htdocs\phpVirtualBox)
5) Now go to the phpVirtualBox and save a copy of config.php-example as config.php (default userid / password admin/admin)
6) Start C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxWebSrv.exe as a service
7) Start web server from XAMPP control penal
8) Now go to web browser type your system ip with folder name (http://IP address/phpVirtualBox)
9) put user id and password and control virtual box from web page
for any issue please let me know email id == [email protected]
Love the tutorial. Although I might add, You can set this up to run on boot..
echo ‘avi123’ | sudo -u avi sudo -S vboxwebsrv -H 127.0.0.1 -b –logfile /dev/null >/dev/null
the echo will be the password,
That command basicly starts it in the back end but you can also start a cronjob with this eg
sudo crontab -e
@reboot echo ‘avi123’ | sudo -u avi sudo -S vboxwebsrv -H 127.0.0.1 -b –logfile /dev/null >/dev/null
thanks @Michael for letting us know.
Keep connected!
Hi So I try to install as you show, but still at the error page when i try to log in.
In /etc/init.d, there’s no virtualbox folder, it’s only : vboxautostart-service, vboxdrv, vboxweb-service, vboxballoonctrl-service, netconsole, network.
The only way to log in is to issue the command : vboxwebsrv -H 127.0.0.1
But that need to run all the time, if we stop with ctrl-c I can’t log anymore.
So I’m not sure why i can’t autorun ? Or how to put as autorun, like in
Thanks
Johnny,
You may like to tell us which Linux Distribution your are using for details of adding a program/Service at startup
Alternatively,
You may ask your community how to add a service/command/script to start at boot. You may either write a two line script or add the command directly.
Hope it helps.